1. What is the Ice Spray system ?
2. How doest it work ?
3. The "Ice Container"
4. The tanks
   - Steel tanks
   - Concrete tanks
5. Shipping – Handling – storage - Filling the tank.
6. Inside tank and pulverization on the Ice Containers photos

1. What is the Ice Spray System ?
The Ice Spray system is an original Encapsulated Ice Storage System used to reduce peak capacity normally incurred by a building's HVAC system without affecting comfort levels in the building.
Typically the Cooling Energy is stored at night, and used during the day in lieu or simultaneously with the chiller production.

The Ice Spray System is used in association with centralized chiller plants designed for large buildings or District Cooling networks.
The Ice Spray System is the most simple, reliable and cost effective system to store cooling energy in the HVAC field.
The  Ice Spray System affects the following parameters:
- the designed chiller plant capacity which can be strongly reduced
- the electrical energy consumption which can be spread out over 24 hours or totally stopped during the peak period.
- the production reliability which is improved because two different energy sources are used.

2. How does it work ?

The Ice Spray system includes:
the Ice Container itself
the tank to store them.
The Ice Containers are spherical plastic containers  filled up with treated water.
The Ice Containers are poured in bulk and dry-stacked into large tanks made of steel or concrete.
A water-glycol coolant  sprayed over IC proceeds to heat exchanges.
For charging, the coolant, cooled by chillers to below 0°C (32°F),is sprayed over the ICs, flows by gravity in cascading around them, building the ice inside.
For discharging, the sprayed coolant warmed-up by users to over 0°C (32°F), melt the ice inside ICs.

3. The Ice Container

The Ice Containers are spherical containers made of high performance plastic polymer.
The walls of the Ice Containers are covered with a number of semi-spherical raised features specially designed to disturb the water-glycol coolant as it flows around them.
The Ice Containers are factory filled with specially treated water.
An absorption body is put inside the Ice Containers to absorb the water expansion during freezing.                                                   ICe containers Characteristics

4. The tanks

General Description
They are:
at the atmospheric pressure (not pressurized)
made of steel or concrete construction
cylindrical rectangular or any other shape but vertical in form with an identical cross-section over its entire height.
an upper header equipped with nozzles allows the coolant to be regularly sprayed over the Ice Containers.
the outlet of the coolant is located at the bottom of the tank.
a coolant reserve located in the tank’s bottom or below, allows to balance the coolant inertia around the Ice Containers.
the water / glycol coolant pump is always located below the lower coolant level in the coolant reserve.
an air vent allows the tank to breath
installed above ground, below ground, indoors, outdoors or buried

Steel tanks
They are cylindrical and vertical. Prefabricated metal sheets of the tank are bend and bolted joint on site.

Tanks are totally assembled on site including:
- bolted steel sheets.
- insulation made of polyurethane panels.
- liner.
- upper header equipped with nozzles.
- an upper trap door for filling.
- a safety hoop ladder for access. 

Concrete tanks
They are built above ground, below ground, indoors, outdoors or buried
For new facilities, the concrete walls of a basement can be used as part of the tank structure.
They are generally parallelepiped. Insulation is made of polyurethane (or similar) panels stuck  on concrete walls.
Insulation is covered with  a liner.
If the coolant reserve is not included into the concrete tank.
The concrete tank has a slope > to 2% to allow the coolant to flow towards the outlet. The tank reserve has to be located below the tank’s bottom level and requires a capacity of 0.4 L / kWh (1.4 L / TRh) of storage capacity.
If the coolant reserve is included into the concrete tank.
No slope is required. The lower coolant reserve must be over the outlet piping. Consequently, the coolant reserve volume depends on the outlet piping position and the tank size.

5. Shipping – Handling – Storage - Filling the tank

SHIPPING :
The Ice Containers are packed and transported in “big bags” or in reinforced cardboards containing each 500 Ice Containerrs. In a 20' sea container, we can store 9000 Ice Containers, storing 2 big bags or 2 cardboards one on the over. In a 40' sea container, we can store 19000 Ice Containers

big bags in a sea container

Handling
On site, a forklift truck is used for horizontal handling of big bags or of cardboards. For vertical handling, a crane equipped with slings is used to lift up the big bags or the cardboards.

Storage of Ice Containers
On site, the Ice Containers are generally stored near the Ice Storage tanks, before filling. The big bags or cardboards must always be stored under cover, never under the sun and protected from dust, if possible in a closed building.

Filling the Ice Storage tank.
The Ice Storage tank must be filled with water (without glycol). Then, the big bags or the cardboards are opened and the Ice Containers are poured in bulk into the tank, through the filling trap door. As the Ice Containers are filled into the tank, the water inside must be emptied. When the tank is filled with all the Ice Containers, all the remaining water must be sucked.